Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of (Ca, V) Co-doped ZnO Nanopowder Prepared by a Modified Sol-gel Technique

Authors

  • S. Mrabet Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.
  • C. Vazquez-Vazquez NANOMAG laboratory, Institut of ceramica,University of Santiago de compostela, Galicia, Spain.
  • N. Ihzaz Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.
  • M. N. Bessadok Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.
  • D. Ananias Department of Physics, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
  • J.S. Amaral Department of Physics, CICECO – Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
  • M. Nouiri Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.
  • A. Bouloufa Laboratory of Electrochemistry and Materials, University Ferhat Abbas Sétif-1, Algeria.
  • Z. Ben Ayadi Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.
  • L. El Mir Laboratory of Physics of Materials and Nanomaterials applied at Environment (LaPhyMNE) LR05ES14, Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Gabes University, Erriadh City, Zrig, 6072 Gabes, Tunisia.

Abstract

Abstract: (Ca,V) co-doping effects on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were explored. The nanoparticles were synthesized via a modified sol-gel route. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the hexagonal polycrystalline wurtzite phase. No segregated secondary phases or Ca/V-rich clusters were detected. Morphological observations were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). EDS analysis revealed the existence of all elements in all the regions of the sample. TEM images show an almost prismatic cylindrical shape of the nanoparticles. Optical studies carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated a decrease in the value of the band gap after (Ca,V) incorporation. Magnetic measurements reveal a clear hysteresis showing the ferromagnetic behavior of this kind of material. These results are very promising for many technological applications such as hyperthermia, gas sensors, and optoelectronics.

Keywords: (Ca,V) co-doped zinc oxide, Nanoparticles, Sol-gel technique, Photoluminescence, Magnetic properties.

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Published

2026-05-12

How to Cite

Mrabet, S., Vazquez-Vazquez, C., Ihzaz, N., Bessadok, M. N., Ananias, D., Amaral, J., Nouiri, M., Bouloufa, A., Ben Ayadi, Z., & El Mir, L. (2026). Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of (Ca, V) Co-doped ZnO Nanopowder Prepared by a Modified Sol-gel Technique. Jordan Journal of Physics, 19(1), 41–53. Retrieved from https://jjp.yu.edu.jo/index.php/jjp/article/view/1395

Issue

Vol. 19 No. 1 (2026)

Section

Articles