Proton Transmission through Magnetic Lenses for Characterizing Water and Human Tissues via Proton Radiography
Abstract
Abstract: Proton radiography (PR) is a new imaging method that allows direct measurement of the proton energy dissipation in different tissues. Proton radiography enables fast and effective high-precision lateral alignment of the proton beam and target volume in human irradiation experiments with limited dose exposure. The benefits of PR can be summarized as: 1) high image resolution, 2) the complete field of view can be measured with one short proton spill, 3) short data acquisition time, and 4) simple data processing. Enhancing image contrast can be achieved by substituting cuts on the scattering angle with the use of a magnetic lens (ML) system, resulting in optimal images of objects. The current study is primarily focusing on proton acceleration via target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) using nanowire-coated foils as targets, followed by an investigation of the LET, range, and dose of protons. In this work, simplified physical models of proton transport, including Bethe–Bloch energy loss, energy straggling, and multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS), are used in the 0–300 MeV energy range of interest to analytically quantify the tradeoffs and scaling relationships between dose, spatial resolution, density resolution, and voxel size. We found that dose (D) is directly influenced by the size of voxel α and the necessary density resolution δ, which highlights a very strong dependence on voxel size. Our work shows that the average dose increases with increasing number of protons, while the average dose decreases with increasing proton beam energy, which is in good agreement with the other references. These studies demonstrate that the dose D of water, breast, brain, lung, and eye tissues is directly influenced by the size of voxel α and the necessary density resolution δ, adhering to the relationship , which highlights a very strong dependence on voxel size.
References
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