10 Hz Stable Mode-locked Er-Fiber Laser

Abstract

In this paper, a stable output at the reduction repetition rate from 80 MHz mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was demonstrated by adjusting the operating point for external LiNbO₃ Mach-Zehnder‎ electro-optic intensity modulator to suppress harmonic mode-locked pulses. More than 70% of the laser beam was launched into the external pigtail Mach-Zehnder intensity modulator using single mode fiber with collimating lens and fiber (ferrule connector) FC adapter. The optimum values of Mach-Zehnder modulator bias voltages V₀ and V_π (half wave voltage) which resulted in maximum and minimum laser output power to leave the modulator were found at 6.5 and 0.29 V, respectively. The best modulation was achieved for the RF modulating signal with an opening time of about 8 ns. For driving voltage equal to V_π, a clean mode-locked pulse train was generated with a pulse shape and energy similar to the input pulse, albeit with a low repetition rate. The minimum repetition rate reached as low as 10 Hz, resulting in pulse energy and peak power of 0.32 nJ and 1.5 kW, respectively. Second-harmonic generation of the low repetition rate pulse train was also produced by using a PPLN crystal. This opens up the potential for using this laser in single photon detection experiments and as a seed laser for many applications.